It happens suddenly and mostly overnight: We wake up in the morning with a headache, a sore throat and a blocked nose. A cold is coming. Viruses that are transmitted through the air we breathe or through direct contact, e.g. B. by shaking hands or holding on to handrails, get into the mucous membranes and trigger an infection there. On average, a viral cold goes away within two weeks. With nasal spray, cough syrup and home remedies , improvement occurs after just a few days. Nonetheless, antibiotics are often prescribed for a speedy recovery . But when does it actually make sense to take them? And when do they bring more side effects than benefits?
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What is the difference between viruses and bacteria?
In contrast to viruses, bacteria are living beings that carry DNA and thus genetic information for metabolism, energy production and reproduction for division. Viruses, on the other hand, only consist of a protein shell that is filled with their genetic material. However, they have no metabolism and are dependent on the living cells of their host for reproduction.
Do antibiotics help with viral infections?
When are antibiotics useful?
If a so-called secondary infection occurs as a result of the common cold, which is caused by bacteria, antibiotics can help.
The first signs of a secondary infection are:
- Persistent high fever
- Yellowish-green nasal discharge
- Purulent sputum
- Severe headache and body aches