Mast cells are actually an important part of our immune system. However, if they get out of control and are overly active, there is a risk of a variety of ailments. The following symptoms are particularly common in so-called mast cell activation syndrome.
Mast cells belong to the white blood cells and are therefore an important part of the human immune system. The defense cells are found almost everywhere in the body – particularly high amounts are found in the digestive tract, on the skin and in all mucous membranes. There they act as the first line of defense against potentially harmful foreign substances.
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What is MCAS?
MCAS (mast cell activation syndrome) is a hodgepodge of symptoms that can occur when the mast cells in the body are hyperactive. The syndrome is similar to other diseases in which the immune system wrongly overreacts – for example autoimmune diseases such as rheumatism or allergies. MCAS can be triggered by various factors, such as allergies, infections or medication, although not all causes have been clarified. According to estimates, up to 7 percent of the population could be affected by mast cell activation syndrome – however, due to the variable symptoms, MCAS is often not diagnosed or only diagnosed after years.
MCAS: 3 Signs of Mast Cell Activation Syndrome
1. Gastrointestinal complaints
Since the majority of our immune cells are located in the intestines, it is not surprising that overactive mast cells are particularly likely to cause problems in the digestive tract. The immune cells located in the mucous membranes of the gastrointestinal tract can trigger inflammatory reactions there and cause symptoms such as abdominal pain, cramps, flatulence, diarrhea, constipation, heartburn and even stomach or intestinal bleeding.
2. Allergic reactions
Many of the common MCAS symptoms are similar to those of a classic allergy, which makes a clear diagnosis even more difficult. For example, skin irritations in the form of hives, redness or itching can occur. The mucous membranes of the airways can also be affected, which is reflected in swelling, difficulty breathing, a stuffy nose and shortness of breath. Anaphylactic shock can also occur when mast cells are triggered by irritants such as histamine.
3. Flare and general symptoms
In most MCAS patients, the symptoms occur in phases and can be caused by certain triggers such as stress, overexertion, lack of sleep or a histamine-rich diet. Since mast cells are found almost everywhere in the body, general complaints such as tiredness, fever, concentration problems, exhaustion and fatigue as well as weight fluctuations are also part of the MCAS symptom catalogue.
Important: If you experience these or similar symptoms, contact your trusted doctor. With the help of blood tests and other tests, he can check whether there is actually increased mast cell activity. In addition, you can check your symptoms using the questionnaire from the University of Bonn to determine mast cell mediator syndrome >>
